APPENDIX
Conversions
Numbers and Stumblers
• Europeans write a few of their numbers differently than we do. 1 =
, 4 =
, 7 =
.
• In Europe, dates appear as day/month, so Christmas is 25/12.
• Commas are decimal points and decimals are commas. A dollar and a half is 1,50, one thousand is 1.000, and there are 5.280 feet in a mile.
• When counting with fingers, start with your thumb. If you hold up your first finger to request one item, you’ll probably get two.
• What Americans call the second floor of a building is the first floor in Europe.
• On escalators and moving sidewalks, Europeans keep the left “lane” open for passing. Keep to the right.
Metric Conversions
A kilogram equals 1,000 grams (about 2.2 pounds). One hundred grams (a common unit at markets) is about a quarter-pound. One liter is about a quart, or almost four to a gallon.
A kilometer is six-tenths of a mile. To convert kilometers to miles, cut the kilometers in half and add back 10 percent of the original (120 km: 60 + 12 = 72 miles). One meter is 39 inches—just over a yard.
Clothing Sizes
When shopping for clothing, use these US-to-European comparisons as general guidelines (but note that no conversion is perfect).
Women: For pants and dresses, add 32 in Belgium (US 10 = Belgian 42). For blouses and sweaters, add 8 for most of Europe (US 32 = European 40). For shoes, add 30-31 (US 7 = European 37/38).
Men: For shirts, multiply by 2 and add about 8 (US 15 = European 38). For jackets and suits, add 10. For shoes, add 32-34.
Children: Clothing is sized by height—in centimeters (2.5 cm = 1 inch), so a US size 8 roughly equates to 132-140. For shoes up to size 13, add 16-18, and for sizes 1 and up, add 30-32.
Dutch Survival Phrases
Northern Belgium speaks Dutch, but for cultural and historical reasons, the language is often called Flemish. Most Belgian people speak English, but if you learn the pleasantries and key phrases, you’ll connect better with the locals. To pronounce the guttural Dutch “g” (indicated in phonetics by h), make a clear-your-throat sound, similar to the “ch” in the Scottish word “loch.”
| Hello. / Goodbye. | Hallo. / Tot ziens. hah-loh / toht zeens |
| Good day. | Dag. dah |
| Good morning. | Goedemorgen. hoo-deh-mor-hehn |
| Good afternoon. | Goedemiddag. hoo-deh-mid-dah |
| Good evening. | Goedenavond. hoo-dehn-ah-fohnd |
| Do you speak English? | Spreekt u Engels? shpraykt oo eng-ehls |
| Yes. / No. | Ja. / Nee. yah / nay |
| I (don’t) understand. | Ik begrijp (het niet). ik beh-hripe (heht neet) |
| Please. (can also mean “You’re welcome”) | Alstublieft. ahl-stoo-bleeft |
| Thank you. | Dank u wel. dahnk oo vehl |
| I’m sorry. | Het spijt me. heht spite meh |
| Excuse me. | Pardon. par-dohn |
| No problem. | Geen probleem. hayn proh-blaym |
| Good. | Goede. hoo-deh |
| one / two / three | een / twee / drie ayn / t’vay / dree |
| What does it cost? | Wat kost het? vaht kohst heht |
| Is it free? | Is het vrij? is heht fry |
| Can you please help me? | Kunt u alstublieft helpen? koont oo ahl-stoo-bleeft hehl-pehn |
| Where can I buy / find...? | Waar kan ik kopen / vinden...? var kahn ik koh-pehn / fin-dehn |
| I’d like / We’d like... | Ik wil graag / Wij willen graag... ik vil hrah / vy vil-lehn hrah |
| …a room. | …een kamer. ayn kah-mer |
| …a train / bus ticket to ____. | …een trein / bus kaartje naar ____. ayn trayn / boos kart-yeh nar ____ |
| …to rent a bike. | …een fiets huren. ayn feets hoo-rehn |
| Where is…? | Waar is…? var is |
| …the train / bus station | …het trein / bus station heht trayn / boos staht-see-ohn |
| …the tourist info office | …de VVV deh fay fay fay |
| …the toilet | …het toilet heht twah-leht |
| men / women | mannen / vrouwen mah-nehn / frow-ehn |
| left / right | links / rechts links / rehts |
| straight ahead | rechtdoor reht-dor |
| What time does it open / close? | Hoe laat gaat het open / dicht? hoo laht haht heht oh-pehn / diht |
| now / soon / later | nu / straks / later noo / strahks / lah-ter |
| today / tomorrow | vandaag / morgen fahn-dah / mor-hehn |
In a Dutch Restaurant
The all-purpose Dutch word alstublieft (ahl-stoo-bleeft) means “please,” but it can also mean “here you are” (when the server hands you something), “thanks” (when taking payment from you), or “you’re welcome” (when handing you change).
| I’d like / We’d like… | Ik will graag / Wij willen graag… ik vil hrah / vy vil-lehn hrah |
| …a table for one / two. | …een tafel voor een / twee. ayn tah-fehl for ayn / t’vay |
| …to reserve a table. | …een tafel reserveren. ayn tah-fehl ray-zehr-feh-rehn |
| …the menu (in English). | …het menu (in het Engels). heht meh-noo (in heht eng-ehls) |
| Is this table free? | Is deze tafel vrij? is day-zeh tah-fehl fry |
| to go | om mee te nemen ohm may teh nay-mehn |
| with / without | met / zonder meht / zohn-der |
| and / or | en / of ehn / of |
| special of the day | dagschotel dahs-hoh-tehl |
| specialty of the house | huisspecialiteit hows-shpeh-shah-lee-tite |
| breakfast / lunch / dinner | ontbijt / middagmaal / avondmaal ohnt-bite / mid-dah-mahl / ah-fohnd-mahl |
| appetizers | hapjes hahp-yehs |
| main courses | hoofdgerechten hohfd-heh-reh-tehn |
| side dishes | bijg erechten bye-heh-reh-tehn |
| bread / cheese | brood / kaas brohd / kahs |
| sandwich | sandwich sand-vich |
| soup / salad | soep / sla soop / slah |
| meat / chicken / fish | vlees / kip / vis flays / kip / fis |
| fruit / vegetables | vrucht / groenten fruht / hroon-tehn |
| dessert / pastries | gebak heh-bahk |
| mineral water / tap water | mineraalwater / kraanwater min-eh-rahl-vah-ter / krahn-vah-ter |
| milk | melk mehlk |
| (orange) juice | (sinaasappel) sap see-nahs-ah-pehl (sahp) |
| coffee / tea | koffie / thee koh-fee / tay |
| wine / beer | wijn / bier vine / beer |
| red / white | rode / witte roh-deh / vit-teh |
| glass / bottle | glas / fles hlahs / flehs |
| Cheers! | Proost! prohst |
| More. / Another. | Meer. / Nog een. mayr / noh ayn |
| The same. | Het zelfde. heht zehlf-deh |
| The bill, please. | De rekening, alstublieft. deh ray-keh-neeng ahl-stoo-bleeft |
| Is service included? | Is bediening inbegrepen? is beh-dee-neeng in-beh-hray-pehn |
| tip | fooi foy |
| Tasty. | Lekker. leh-ker |
French Survival Phrases
When using the phonetics, try to nasalize the n sound.
| Good day. | Bonjour. bohn-zhoor |
| Mrs. / Mr. | Madame / Monsieur mah-dahm / muhs-yuh |
| Do you speak English? | Parlez-vous anglais? par-lay-voo ahn-glay |
| Yes. / No. | Oui. / Non. wee / nohn |
| I understand. | Je comprends. zhuh kohn-prahn |
| I don’t understand. | Je ne comprends pas. zhuh nuh kohn-prahn pah |
| Please. | S’il vous plaît. see voo play |
| Thank you. | Merci. mehr-see |
| I’m sorry. | Désolé. day-zoh-lay |
| Excuse me. | Pardon. par-dohn |
| No problem. | Pas de problème. pah duh proh-blehm |
| It’s good. | C’est bon. say bohn |
| Goodbye. | Au revoir. oh ruh-vwahr |
| one / two / three | un / deux / trois uhn / duh / trwah |
| four / five / six | quatre / cinq / six kah-truh / sank / sees |
| seven / eight | sept / huit seht / weet |
| nine / ten | neuf / dix nuhf / dees |
| How much is it? | C’est combien? say kohn-bee-an |
| Write it? | Ecrivez? ay-kree-vay |
| Is it free? | C’est gratuit? say grah-twee |
| Included? | Inclus? an-klew |
| Where can I buy / find…? | Où puis-je acheter / trouver…? oo pwee-zhuh ah-shuh-tay / troo-vay |
| I’d like / We’d like… | Je voudrais / Nous voudrions… zhuh voo-dray / noo voo-dree-ohn |
| …a room. | …une chambre. ewn shahn-bruh |
| …a ticket to ____. | …un billet pour ____. uhn bee-yay poor ____ |
| Is it possible? | C’est possible? say poh-see-bluh |
| Where is…? | Où est…? oo ay |
| …the train station | …la gare lah gar |
| …the bus station | …la gare routière lah gar root-yehr |
| …tourist information | …l’office du tourisme loh-fees dew too-reez-muh |
| Where are the toilets? | Où sont les toilettes? oo sohn lay twah-leht |
| men / women | hommes / dames ohm / dahm |
| left / right | à gauche / à droite ah gohsh / ah drwaht |
| straight | tout droit too drwah |
| pull / push | tirez / poussez tee-ray / poo-say |
| When does this open / close? | Ça ouvre / ferme à quelle heure? sah oo-vruh / fehrm ah kehl ur |
| At what time? | À quelle heure? ah kehl ur |
| Just a moment. | Un moment. uhn moh-mahn |
| now / soon / later | maintenant / bientôt / plus tard man-tuh-nahn / bee-an-toh / plew tar |
| today / tomorrow | aujourd’hui / demain oh-zhoor-dwee / duh-man |
In a French Restaurant
| I’d like / We’d like… | Je voudrais / Nous voudrions… zhuh voo-dray / noo voo-dree-ohn |
| …to reserve… | …réserver… ray-zehr-vay |
| …a table for one / two. | …une table pour un / deux. ewn tah-bluh poor uhn / duh |
| Is this seat free? | C’est libre? say lee-bruh |
| The menu (in English), please. | La carte (en anglais), s’il vous plaît. lah kart (ahn ahn-glay) see voo play |
| service (not) included | service (non) compris sehr-vees (nohn) kohn-pree |
| to go | à emporter ah ahn-por-tay |
| with / without | avec / sans ah-vehk / sahn |
| and / or | et / ou ay / oo |
| breakfast / lunch / dinner | petit déjeuner / déjeuner / dîner puh-tee day-zhuh-nay / day-zhuh-nay / dee-nay |
| special of the day | plat du jour plah dew zhoor |
| specialty of the house | spécialité de la maison spay-see-ah-lee-tay duh lah may-zohn |
| appetizers | hors d’œuvre or duh-vruh |
| first course (soup, salad) | entrée ahn-tray |
| main course (meat, fish) | plat principal plah pran-see-pahl |
| bread / cheese | pain / fromage pan / froh-mahzh |
| sandwich / soup | sandwich / soupe sahnd-weech / soop |
| salad | salade sah-lahd |
| meat / chicken | viande / poulet vee-ahnd / poo-lay |
| fish / seafood | poisson / fruits de mer pwah-sohn / frwee duh mehr |
| fruit / vegetables | fruit / légumes frwee / lay-gewm |
| dessert | dessert day-sehr |
| mineral water | eau minérale oh mee-nay-rahl |
| tap water | l’eau du robinet loh dew roh-bee-nay |
| (orange) juice | jus (d’orange) zhew (doh-rahnzh) |
| coffee / tea / milk | café / thé / lait kah-fay / tay / lay |
| wine / beer | vin / bière van / bee-ehr |
| red / white | rouge / blanc roozh / blahn |
| glass / bottle | verre / bouteille vehr / boo-tay |
| Cheers! | Santé! sahn-tay |
| More. / Another. | Plus. / Un autre. plew / uhn oh-truh |
| The same. | La même chose. lah mehm shohz |
| The bill, please. | L’addition, s’il vous plaît. lah-dee-see-ohn see voo play |
| Do you accept credit cards? | Vous prenez les cartes? voo pruh-nay lay kart |
| tip | pourboire poor-bwahr |
| Delicious! | Délicieux! day-lees-yuh |
For more user-friendly French phrases, check out Rick Steves’ French Phrase Book or Rick Steves’ French, Italian & German Phrase Book.
5 shirts: long- & short-sleeve